【戦略を立てよう！】現状分析と改善策 〜Writing編〜

こんにちは！なつ姫です！

引き続き、

公式サイトESTが紹介している、点数別のスキル改善方法を紹介します！

TOEFL iBT: Improve Your Skills

さあ、ここから常軌を逸した点数です！笑

WritingとSpeakingはアウトプットする力です。

インプットの絶対量が不足していると伸びません。

そのため、ListeningとReadingの基盤を強化していく以外にありませんね。

得点11点だった、Writing (Limited)の改善方法です。

【Writing based on Reading and Listening】

リーディングとリスニングを組み合わせて文書作成するタイプ。

1. Read and listen to academic articles and other material in your own language. Take notes about what you read and hear.（学術記事をまずは母国語で読み聞きしまとめる。それを英訳・修正を繰り返す）
   • Start out taking notes in your own language and then take notes in English.
   • Summarize the points in complete English sentences.
   • Ask your teacher to review your writing and help you correct your errors.
   • Gradually decrease the time it takes you to read the material and write these summaries.
   • Practice typing on a standard English (QWERTY) keyboard.
2. Listen to recorded lectures in English. Practice finding the main points and taking notes.
   • Stop the recording every 20–30 seconds and write down the main points.
   • Replay the recording to check your notes and add information you may have missed.
   • Use your notes to write out these ideas in fuller, more complex English sentences.
3. Learn important phrases that help you figure out what is happening.
   • Determine who the source of the information is.
     • The speaker
     • Someone else the speaker is talking about
   • Find out how certain the information is.
     • Might be versus is
   • Listen for words that indicate the main ideas being discussed.
     • point
     • factor
     • issue
4. Practice writing grammatically correct sentences and use appropriate words to summarize information from text and lecture material.
   • Each week focus on a different aspect of English grammar. Complete grammatical exercises that reinforce this aspect.
   • Record news broadcasts and informational programs in English from the radio or television.
     • Practice listening and writing grammatical sentences about what you hear the newscaster say.
     • Ask your teacher or a friend review your work.
   • Read factual informational articles in English.
     • Underline sentence structures and words you are not familiar with.
     • Ask your teacher or a friend to help you understand what they communicate.
5. Learn to pay attention to differing ideas about a topic, and to find the similarities and differences of opinions.
   • Look at different articles about the same topic (for example, editorials in the newspaper). Make a list of the similarities and differences of opinions about that topic.
   • Take a controversial cultural issue and write about how your culture understands it. Then compare your ideas with someone from another culture.
   • Study expressions that are used to compare and contrast ideas
     • in contrast
     • on the other hand
     • however
     • but
     • although
     • similarly
     • like

【Writing based on Knowledge and Experience】

知識や経験から文書作成するタイプ。

1. Practice writing daily.
   • Keep a journal. Write your opinions about things that you experience or topics in which you are interested.
     • Start out writing in your own language. This will help you get used to writing and will build confidence in your writing ability.
     • When you begin to feel more comfortable writing, keep a journal in English.
   • Take a writing class. This will give you lots of writing practice and a teacher will show you ways to improve your writing.
   • Find a pen pal or writing buddy. Write email messages or letters to each other.
   • Practice typing on a standard English (QWERTY) keyboard.
2. Pay attention to your grammar and sentence structure.
   • Study the basics of English grammar and develop your vocabulary.
   • Practice writing correct sentences in English. Begin by writing simple sentences.
   • Make sure that each sentence has a subject and a verb, and that the subject agrees with the verb.
     • The student likes...; The students like...
   • Take 2 of your sentences and practice combining them.
   • Reread what you write. Look for and correct mistakes.
3. Study the organization of good paragraphs and essays. A good paragraph discusses 1 main idea. This idea is usually written in the first sentence, which is called the topic sentence. Each paragraph should discuss one aspect of the main idea of the essay.
   • Write paragraphs in English that focus on one main idea and contain several complete sentences that explain or support that idea.
   • Ask your teacher to review your paragraphs for correctness.
4. Think about who will be reading your writing. In some situations you need to write in a formal manner and your sentence structure, vocabulary use and general style should reflect that.
5. Read a lot in English. This will help you recognize good writing styles.

結論！！

【Writingまとめ】

✴︎リスニングと並行してライティングを実施

　・内容をまず母国語でまとめ、次に、英語化・サマライズする

　・もしくは20~30秒間聴いてから、英語でポイントを書き取る　

✴︎毎日１つのお題に対して、自分のエッセイを書く

　・まず母国語で書いてから英語化

　・文章構成は論理的に記載する

なつ姫